Rennes University 2—Haute Bretagne, An Xiong

Although teaching Chinese as a foreign language has developed rapidly all over the world, most of Chinese textbooks choose to focus on the oral Chinese teaching. They use a method call “分散识字法”(fēn sàn shí zì fǎ)（learning the Chinese Characters in decentralization）. This method has run counter to the law of Chinese so that it is harder for the foreigners to learn Chinese.

In order to continue to teach more reasonable, I have studied the a method called “集中识字法”(jí zhōnɡ shí zì fǎ)(to learn the Chinese Characters in centralization ) which follows the law of Chinese Characters’ structure. First, the students has to learn “the four basis”： Chinese phonetic alphabets, the basic words(more than 100 words), Chinese characters stroke and the stroke order, and the radicals of Chinese Characters used frequently. After the students have achieved at this stage, they can start in centralization through the method of “基本字带字”(jī běn zì dài zì).

“基本字带字” (jī běn zì dài zì)means to teach the students by groups which are made up by the same component and to learn the series of new words by the same component. For example, “方”(fānɡ) is a the same component of “放”(fànɡ), “房”(fánɡ) , and “防”(fánɡ). “方”(fānɡ) has been called the basic word because it is a Chinese word itself. To a great extent, using this main method evades disagreement or conflict of the order in arranging. And it lives up to the law of Chinese Characters’ forming and the way of learning for the students as well. The students can learn the new words according to the words they have learnt before so that they can beneficial for the virtuous circle. By this way, the students can make use of what they have learnt unconsciously to remember the new content effectively.

The writer attaches great importance to this method. I thought that we could use this method in the teaching Chinese as second language as well. Therefore, I have prepared something related to the method during 2002. I have calculated the number of basic words in the textbooks by the method of learning the Chinese Characters in centralization. I have studied how many words the students can learn by this method. The basic word is called the component of the word forming according to the terms of the Chinese Characters study.

However, we have to pay attention on one point that not all the components of words forming are basic words. On this account, the writer has take consideration of the problem of common words. They standardize the rules: the basic words include the components of the common words. And the rule of “基本字带字”(jī běn zì dài zì) can work only under this condition. And I translate the “basic words” into “Primogramme”, a new word specially made for it. The new word means the word can not be divided but has to be taught at first.

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