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How to Recognize Verbs in Chinese Language

Verb is the core of the predicate section of a sentence. The sentence elements that are related to verbs are adverbial modifiers, objects and complements. For the foreign students who just study Chinese, the recognition of the verbs are essential to the understanding of the sentences because it will help you understand the sentence even you do not know the exactly meaning of the verbs if you recognize them. For instance, in 病人的头止不住地摇摆起来,医生很担心他, students may not know the meaning of 摇摆but they can guess it is a verb according to地.

Therefore, it is really helpful for sentences understanding if we can recognize the verbs. There are some features that we can take advantage to recognize the verbs. Usually, the words after the auxiliary word地or before 得are usually verbs, which is the most obvious form and symbol of verbs in sentences. We can say 害羞地笑了and 唱得很动听.

In addition, verbs can functioned as the predicate and most verbs can be followed by objects like 唱歌 and 听音乐. If you pay enough attention when you learn Mandarin, you may know you can add the adverbs like 不 or 没 before the verbs, making it like不走、不听and 没吃. However, you should know the adverbs of degree like 很 and 非常are not allowed to add before the verbs. So we can’t say 很走 and 很说. But it is true if the verbs indicate the psychological activity like 很喜欢 and 很讨厌.

Another point you may notice is that the verbal auxiliary words such as 着、了and 过can be added after the verbs. Accordingly, we can say 吃了饭、看了电影 and 学过汉语. The parts after verbs in 走出来and 站起来belong to directional complements. Foreigners who learn Chinese in China should know that if the verbs indicate possibility and wish, they should be used together with verbs and adjectives without  着、了and 过. We can say 希望去旅游 but can’t say 想吃着饭.

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