When the overseas students come to learn to speak Chinese in China, they often make mistakes in the application of the subject and predicate. Generally speaking, the mistakes in using the subjects are not so many and the mist frequently one is the incorrect addition of the subjects. For example, 我叫维麦，我今年20岁，我来自美国，我很喜欢打球，我也很喜欢看电影. As a matter of fact, the three underlined我can be omitted.
We can say that such mistake influenced by their mother tongue because every clause has one subject. However, in Chinese language, if the subject is the same one, the following same subjects should be omitted, or it will cause prolixity. Let’s move our attention to the example 我看起来老师有点不高兴, in which我is needless. As parenthesis, some words are not allowed to add subject before. It is caused because the foreigners do not understand such rule.
In the aspect of predicate application, the mistakes that foreign students who come to learn Chinese language in China often make are more complicated. The followings are some typical mistakes. The first one should be the omission of the predicate verb. For example, 我们班都韩国人 should be added as 我们班都是韩国人. Sometimes, the prepositions in the predicate also omitted by learners like 我妈妈很感兴趣我们的课 which should be corrected as 我妈妈对我们的课很感兴趣.
It often happens that the predicate verb is incorrectly added. Foreign students may often say 明天下午我们有上课 during the process when they learn Mandarin in China. However, 上is redundant in the sentence. Some of the students often match the subject with the predicate improperly. For example, 他的生活很圆满. But 圆满 here is not correct to collocate with 生活 and it should be 美满.
There are also some other mistakes such as the nouns are used as verbs, the intransitive verbs are used as transitive verbs or the wrong places of 着、了、过 or adverbial. Therefore, students should pay attention to correct when they find the mistakes.