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Lesson 3 – Intermediate – The Usages of Complements of Results

Before getting started, We should get to know what are complements of results, complements of results are used to refer the results of certain action or state of being which had caused the change of state of the actor or the object, e.g., “打破了一个杯子” means the object “杯子”has changed a state due to the action”打”—”破了”; some Complements of results are used to show the judgments or compliments of the actions, which you need to know if you learn Mandarin, e.g. In the sentence“功课做完了”, “完”is used to describe the state after the action“做”, the state means the work being “completed”. Then for students who would like to study in China, the master of the usage of it is a necessity. The Complements of Results are usually filled in by the adjectives and verbs, to study Chinese well, when describing the statement of being caused by certain actions; the Complements of results are adopted. Taking the following case for example:

医生们紧张的工作, 他们一定会救他。

Here, the speaker certainly wanted to show the confidence in the doctors in saving the patience, trusting their potentiality to save them , therefore, so as to clearly demonstrate the state after the action of the doctors, the sentence should be corrected in this way:
医生们紧张地工作, 他们一定会救活他。

To learn Chinese, another case in showing this is the missing of the state of being after certain action as found in the following case 
虽然今天学的生词很多, 但约翰很快就全记住了。The state after memorizing“记“ has not been shown here, the complement“住”is used to show the state.

Complements are unavoidable in Chinese learning programs. It is also quite useful in the written or oral narrative works; therefore they are of great significance.

What’s more, while participating in one-on-one Chinese learning programs. the function of aspectual particle while describing the occurrence or statement“了”is different while used as the Complement of Results. The aspectual particle “了”only showed the appearance of certain action, while the complement of Results “了”contains the tone that the action has given rise to certain specific results, therefore, if the “了”is used to replace, the intention of the speaker would fail to transmit adequately. To study Mandarin Chinese Here are some practical cases. E.g.;
这本书我到处托人买,今天可买了一本。

In this case,the meaning the speaker intends to express is not the actual movement of“买”,but rather the goal obtained after the action “买”, therefore, the sentence should be written in this way:
这本书我到处托人买, 今天买到了一本。

It therefore, is quite a useful part in HSK preparation program in China through joining one-on-one Chinese learning programs for you to learn Complements well in China. There are several semantic orientations and the usage of accusative clauses concerning the use of Complements of results,

1The Complements of results tend to refer to the object of certain actions, serving as the object of the verbs, or the objects of “把”,as well as the subject in the passiveness“被”sentences. e.g. “赶走了敌人” “打破了一个杯子”, “哭倒了长城”, “记住了三个字” etc.
2 The complements refer to the objects of the action, mainly the subject or the objects of the existential sentences. e.g. ,“ 衣服湿透了”, “我学会了滑冰”, “我听懂了他的话”, “他喝醉了就胡说八道”,“ 我打赢了”etc.
3 The complements only bear a relationship with the verbs semantically, and are the description, evaluation, illustration of the verbs. E.g. “你看完这本书了吗?”, “他的病已经好利索了。”, “今天上课我来晚了。”,“照片挂歪了。”etc.
4 In some rare cases, the Complements of results are actually an object in object construction.
E.g. “西瓜熟过劲了。”,“这个地方乱出名了”。
 

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