Everyone who wants to study Chinese should know that among so many kinds of words, only adjectives and verbs can be functioned as complement of result. And it is very important to learn in Mandarin learning courses.As complement of result is a grammatical phenomenon which can be frequently seen, most monosyllable adjectives frequently appeared in spoken language can be complement of results. Some disyllable adjectives are also can be used as complement of result.
However, there are not so many verbs act as complement of result. The following words are usually used: 见、成、懂、走、跑、哭、往、掉、着、倒、翻、倒、作、为、死、透、丢、倒、在、给. These words are not used to present obvious and specific and initiative actions and behavior. Because when verbs are functioned as complement of result, they all present the actions behaved by the predicative verbs or a passive action.
Here are three examples: 他把妹妹气哭了；我把桌子上的东西碰掉了；你怎么把他推倒了。The complements “哭”、“掉”、“倒” are presenting the passive actions. The complement of result can’t be used if the action is active such as “由于孩子气妈妈，结果妈妈打了孩子”.
Some verbs change the meaning accordingly when acted as complement of result. It is helpful to take examples to learn Chinese in China. The following are some verbs usually appeared in Chinese language school:
When go to school to study Mandarin, “见” maybe the first one to learn. The basic meaning is “see”, when acting as complement of result, it often used after some verbs of senses like “看”、“瞧”、“瞅”、“望”、“听”、“闻” to indicate the actions do have results. Here is a sentence to deepen understanding：“孩子们看见我来了，都非常高兴”. What’s more, it also can stand after verbs like “遇”、“碰”、“梦” to be complement of result. The example is ：“我昨天梦见了我的一个老同学”.
The verb “住” means to fix someone or something’s position by action. Here are two typical examples: “他听了我的话立刻站住了”；“门挡住了外面的灯光”. To learn Mandarin well in China is very easy if the complement of result like this are well acquired.
To learn Chinese language, the verb “着” is very important. When used in spoken language, it means the action reach the goal, for example, “你说的那本书我借着了”. If used in a negative sentence, it should be stressed, if positive, unstressed.
When positioned after some verbs or adjectives, it shows the certain actions or conditions lead bad results. In the sentence “这个孩子穿得太少，冻着了”，“冻” may lead to sickness. There are more verb phrases like this; “热着”、“捂着”、 “饿着”、“撑着”、“烫着”、“凉着”、“吓着”. “着” always unstressed. It also carry the meaning of “入睡”、“燃烧”、“应该，有资格，有责任”，but they are stressed when read. The word is very common when people study in China, so it should be understood thoroughly.
The word “好” indicates that the action is finished and nearly perfect. For example, “这篇文章写好了，交给你吧”. “掉” means “脱离、脱落” in the sentence “小心点儿，别把他的博士帽碰掉了”， and carry the meaning of “消失” in “这一段话是多余的，删掉吧”. People in south of China use the following words frequently: “卖掉”、“丢掉”、“忘掉”、“去掉”、“除掉”、“烧掉”、“消灭掉”、“走掉”、“死掉、”、“溜掉”、“逃掉”、“挥发掉”. There words are very ordinary if people learn Chinese in Yunnan. Therefore, Kunming is a good place to learn Chinese for foreigners.
In Chinese, only adjectives and verbs are functioned as complement of results. It will become much easier to grasp Chinese if the meanings and usage of those typical words can be mastered.