As for learning Chinese in China, grammar has been an important part because it will improve the Chinese of students who learn Chinese in China by free Chinese lesson. What’s more, it is important to learn the usages of non-satirical irony and satirical irony. This passage will introduce the usages of non-satirical irony and satirical irony in details to those foreigners who are willing to learn Chinese for free through free Chinese lesson. And this is the Chinese grammar for the advanced students to improve their Chinese in grammars and understanding.

一、 知识点讲解 
This is the details of the irony from free Chinese lesson for the students who learn Chinese in China.
反语，即故意使用和本意恰好相反的词语或句子来表达本意的一种修辞手法。通常分非讽刺性的反语和讽刺性反语两类。
(Irony, a rhetoric device, is use to express the diametrically opposite meaning against the original idea by the sentences or the phrases on purpose. In general, it can be divided into non-satirical irony and satirical irony.)
（一） 非讽刺性反语 (non-satirical irony)
 表示深沉、幽默而无嘲弄讽刺的意味，所以有人称作愉快的反语。
For the overseas who learn Chinese in China, you could know that it involves in the fullness and humor without irony; thus, some people treat it as pleasant irony.
如：说起队长做的“傻事”，一桩桩，一件件，真像桃花树上开的红花，看得见，数不清。 
讲解：这里的“傻事”指对国家、对他人有利的事，目的是为了表扬、称赞队长为他人做好事。
learning Chinese in China, it is necessary for you to figure out that “傻事” in this sentence refers to those things which are benefit to the country or other people in order to praise the captain because of his virtuous deed. 
 非讽刺的反语有时可以表示人与人之间的亲昵感情 
What’s more, sometimes, the non-satirical irony could be used to show the intimate relationship among people. The students of learning Chinese in China could try to use it in this in oral communication.
如：小鬼，几年不见长成一个大人了。 
讲解：这里的“小鬼”指年纪小的孩子，尤其指与自己关系亲近的小孩儿，这样说更口语化、更有亲切感。
“小鬼” in this sentence indicates the young kids, especially the one who has closer relationship with the speaker. In this way, it sounds more colloquial and friendly. 
（二） 讽刺性反语 satirical irony 
 多用在批判、揭露方面，表示强烈的讽刺和嘲笑。这类反语非常多。 
It is widely used to criticize or expose something bad in order to show the strong cynicism and ridicule. This kind of satirical irony often shows in the free Chinese lesson for those who learn Chinese in China. 
如：教育局长说要把不达语文标准的教师调任为图书馆主任，果然够勇﹗ 
讲解：最后一个“勇”字看似是勇敢的意思，实际上是在讽刺教育局长的不负责。
The last word “勇”seems to be brave. Indeed, it is used to ironically expose that the director of the education bureau is irresponsible.
再如：哈哈哈哈”一阵大笑，打断了沈百万的话。老宫用他那洪亮的声音，讽刺地说：“谢谢你，我的好心的沈老太爷。我们很知你的恩，很感你的德。而且对你的这份‘恩德’，我们是定要报的，你放心就是了。” （峻青《海啸》） 
讲解：这里老宫说的都是反话，其实他心里根本不是这样想的，但嘴里偏偏又要说出这样一番话来。“谢谢你”相当于“哼”，“好心”相当于“狠心”、“黑心”，“恩”、“德”、“恩德”相当于“仇”、“恨”、“仇恨”。“报”也是反语，不是指报恩，而是指报仇。这些 反语都批判、讽刺了沈百万假扮好人的丑恶嘴脸，表现了老宫的极端愤怒，因而是讽刺反语。 
What “老宫” says in this sentence is opposite to his original ideal. However, he still speaks out at last. “谢谢你” in the sentence means “哼”;and “好心” corresponds to “狠心” or “黑心”. Furthermore, the “恩” and “德” have the same meaning with “仇” and “恨”. These words have ironically shown that “沈百万” pretend to be the kind people, which makes “老宫” extremely furious. 

二、 练习，找出下面句子中的反语句 
Do the following excises for the students who learn Chinese in China. And find out ironical sentence from them. 
1、 高墙的坚硬反证了他们内心的脆弱。 
2、 我那冤家，没事尽往公司跑，家里的事一点也不放在心上。 
3、 这是大家都不吭声了，屋子里寂静得像没有人存在似的。 
4、 他这个傻子，一心只为别人着想，只要是他能帮的都尽力去帮别人，哪怕是与他不想干的人。 
5、 过量的财富会给人带来恐慌，就像容貌出众的女子，对安全的担心总要多一些。 
6、 领导在讲话时说，这次的事故是大家以后工作的“动力”，这个“动力”可非同小可啊！ 
答案：2、4、6为反语句