For everyone who intends to learn Chinese language well, the most important thing for them to learn is numerous Chinese words. Therefore, students should know firstly how to study Chinese by expanding their vocabularies.
In order to improve students’ capability of language expression and to enlarge their quantity of vocabulary, we can help them learn Mandarin by training them to use the adjectives.
Firstly, teacher says one thing and asks students to use some adjectives to describe it. Let’s take some examples to illustrate to help students study in China.
他的眼睛——（大大的、明亮的、黑溜溜的、亮晶晶的……）
他唱歌的声音很——（大、小、高、低、好听、优美、清脆、响亮、动听……）
他感到很——（高兴、满意、舒服、难过、沮丧、害怕、失望、痛快……）
For the purpose of encouraging Chinese language learners to learn to speak Chinese, teacher should demand them think out adjectives as many as possible, thus increasing their vocabularies. If possible, students could be divided into groups to perform with proper reward and punishment.
Most foreign students like traveling, so we can also teach some useful words of this field by assuming a certain situation to raise their interest to study Chinese. For instance, teacher can tell students that they will go for a trip to Lhasa after going to Qinghai Province by train and then taking 36 hours’ bus. So students need to write a list of any possible travel goods needed.
To provide better conditions for students to learn Mandarin in China by this way, teachers had better tell some relevant knowledge about Tibet such as the geographical features, climate and local customs as well as travel experience. This can be one standard to judge students’ lists.
There are numerous different Chinese words with similar pronunciation. To deepen their understanding of those words, teachers of Chinese school in China often practice them by the following method.
Firstly, teachers tell students an interesting story to stimulate their interest in learning Mandarin Chinese then tell them many words with similar pronunciation but different meanings such as “每人” and “美人”, “大地, 大帝” and “大弟”, “拖鞋” and “拖鞋”, etc.
In the next step, students are supposed to write down two different words according to the same Pinyin as followings:
(1)ɡè rén (2)ɡānɡ cái (3)ɡǎn dào (4)fù nǚ (5)yí duì (6)diàn yuán (7)bù xínɡ (8)yōu huì (9)yǒu yì (10)yī wù (11)wén mínɡ (12)xiānɡ jiāo (13)shù mù (14)shì lì (15)fù rén (16)dài zi
After thinking and discussing, students should write possible answers as follows:
（1）个人、各人 （2）刚才、钢材 （3）感到、赶到 （4）父女、妇女
（5）一对、一队 （6）电源、店员 （7）不行、步行 （8）幽会、优惠 （9）友谊、有意 （10）医务、衣物 （11）文明、闻名 （12）相交、香蕉 （13）数目、树木 （14）事例、势力 （15）妇人、富人 （16）带子、袋子
Another important point learners should master is the conjunctive words, which are functioned to make the sentences go smoothly. For students learn Chinese language in China, we can practice by playing a game.
After dividing the whole class into two groups, when teachers say the former part of a conjunctive word, students should answer the following part as soon as possible. The students who answer correctly should make a sentence with that conjunctive word. The team with the most right answers will win the game.
The following are some frequently used conjunctive words listed to help students learn Chinese in China. “一面……一面”,“有时……有时”,“起初……后来”,“首先……然后”,“一……就”,“不但……而且”, “除了……以外”,“既……又”,“连……都”,“宁愿……也不”,“尽管……还是”,“即使……也”,“假如……的话”,“如果……就”,“不论……都”,etc.
With these training methods mentioned above used by Chinese language learners, they can find their interest in learning Chinese, thus enlarging their vocabularies.