Here are the differences for these 5 words in free Chinese lesson. The knowledge is very useful for the students who study HSK exam.
<preposition> introducing certain standards, ideas or grounds on which something is done.
1. The differences for “按” and “依” ,“照” (” àn ” and ” yī ” ,” zhào “)in HSK exam.
(1)When compared with “按”, “依” means “strictly according to”, and it has a strong favor of written language; while compared with “按”, “照” means “imitating some way or pattern and has strong flavor of spoken language; but “按” doesn’t mean obedience and imitation in HSK exam. It is of neutral color. Therefore, “依” is generally used together with these abstract nouns or phrase of written language. “照” is usually used together with those concrete nouns and phrase indicating standards, patterns, or opinions, etc. “按” can be used in both ways. But when expressing sticking to some stipulations in terms of time, region or some weights and measure units, “按” will be used instead of “依” or “照”.
例如:(lì rú )
(For example:)
依次就坐(yī cì jiù zuò)
(to be seated according to order)
依法惩处(yī fǎ chéng chǔ)
(to be punished according to the laws)
依样画葫芦(yī yàng huà hú lu)
(to paint according to the sample)
依照他的意思做(yī zhào tā de yì si zuò) 照这个样子写(zhào zhè ge yàng zi xiě) 照猫画虎( zhào māo huà hǔ) 按时起床(àn shí qǐ chuáng) 按期交货(àn qī jiāo huò) 按区进行(àn qū jìn xíng) 按斤计量(àn jīn jì liàng)
* 依时起床(yī shí qǐ chuáng) * 依次进行(yī cì jìn xíng) * 按期交货(àn qī jiāo huò) *按斤计量(àn jīn jì liàng)
*战士们毫无声息地按次前进。(“按”换作“依”。)
zhàn shì men háo wú shēng xī dì àn cì qián jìn ( ” àn ” huàn zuò ” yī ” )
*到村里去,我们就依这个计划进行。(“依”换作“照”或“按”。)
dào cūn lǐ qù , wǒ men jiù yī zhè ge jì huà jìn xíng ( ” yī ” huàn zuò ” zhào ” huò ” àn ” )
*电影一定要依时开演。(“依”换作“按”。)
diàn yǐng yí dìng yào yī shí kāi yǎn ( ” yī ” huàn zuò ” àn ” )
(2). The difference for “依” and “照” in HSK exam.
(“依” and “照”can form the fixed patterns like “依/看…看”, “依/照…说;” “按” usually forms the patterns as “按…说,” “按…讲.”) 例如:(For example:)
依你看,这件事该怎么办?
yī nǐ kàn , zhè jiàn shì gāi zěn me bàn
照我说,就不应该让他去。
zhào wǒ shuō , jiù bù yīng gāi ràng tā qù
(In my opinion, he shouldn’t be allowed to go.)
按条件讲,咱可比人家差多了。
àn tiáo jiàn jiǎng , zán kě bǐ rén jia chà duō
(As far as the advantages are concerned, we fall far behind them.)
在表示依照具体样态的意思时,一般用“照”,不用“依”。
zài biǎo shì yī zhào jù tǐ yàng tài de yì si shí , yì bān yòng ” zhào ” , bú yòng ” yī “
(When indicating doing things according to the concrete sample or pattern, “照” is generally used, but “依” is not.)
例如:(For example:)
照这样看,任务很难按时完成。
zhào zhè yàng kàn , rèn wù hěn nán àn shí wán chéng
照这么说,他不会来了?
zhào zhè me shuō , tā bú huì lái le
*依这样看,任务很难按时完成。
yī zhè yàng kàn , rèn wù hěn nán àn shí wán chéng
*依这么说,他不会来了?
yī zhè me shuō , tā bú huì lái le
“按” 构成的格式中,一般不用人称代词,它表示的一般不是主观意志,而是客观标准或常理。
” àn ” gòu chéng de gé shì zhōng , yì bān bú yòng rén chēng dài cí , tā biǎo shì de yì bān bú shì zhǔ guān yì zhì , ér shì kè guān biāo zhǔn huò cháng lǐ
(In the pattern composed of “按”, personal pronouns will not be used. Generally “按” doesn’t indicate subjective determination, but objective standard or general truth. )
例如:(For example:)
按理说(àn lǐ shuō)
(reasonably speaking)
按节气讲(àn jié qi jiǎng)
(to speak according to solar terms)
按规律办事(àn guī lǜ bàn shì)
(to work according to laws)
*依我看,该管得还是要管。(yī wǒ kàn , gāi guǎn dé hái shì yào guǎn)
(“按”replaced by “依”或“照” “按”should be replaced by “依” or “照”.)
2. The difference for “按照”与“依照” (” àn zhào ” yǔ ” yī zhào “) in HSK exam.
(“按照” emphasizes doing something according to certain standard and it is in fairly broad range; “依照” emphasizes strictly taking something as the example or obeying a certain opinion completely, and it is used in fairly narrow range and mostly in written language.)
例如:(For example:)
我们应该按照实际情况来制定施工方案。
(wǒ men yīng gāi àn zhào shí jì qíng kuàng lái zhì dìng shī gōng fāng àn)
按照惯例,你 应该选修四门课。
(àn zhào guàn lì , nǐ yīng gāi xuǎn xiū sì mén kè)
(Convention dictates that you ought to take four courses.)
依照学会的规定。入会者须由本人申请,不可由他人代为申请。
(yī zhào xué huì de guī dìng 。 rù huì zhě xū yóu běn rén shēn qǐng , bù kě yóu tā rén dài wéi shēn qǐng)
(According to the stipulation of the Institute, the applicants must apply personally and application can not be done by others.)
我是依照先生的嘱托来处理这件事的。
(wǒ shì yī zhào xiān sheng de zhǔ tuō lái chú lǐ zhè jiàn shì de)
(I am dealing with the matter just in accordance with the teacher’s entrust.)
3.The difference for “按照”与“按”,“依照”与“依”,“照”( ” àn zhào ” yǔ ” àn ” , ” yī zhào ” yǔ ” yī ” , ” zhào ” ) in HSK exam.
(The difference between “按照” and “按”, and that between “依照”and “依”, “照” , actually lie in the more or less the syllables of the words following. “按照” and “依照” can only be followed by nouns or phrase more than two syllables other than those of monosyllables.)
例如:(For example:)
按照考试成绩(录取)àn zhào kǎo shì chéng jì ( lù qǔ )
按照原则(办事) àn zhào yuán zé ( bàn shì )
按照法律程序(处理) (àn zhào fǎ lǜ chéng xù ( chú lǐ ))
按区(进行)àn qū ( jìn xíng )
依法(处理)yī fǎ ( chú lǐ )
照样(画葫芦)zhào yàng ( huà hú lu)
按时期(分段)àn shí qī ( fēn duàn )
依照他的意思(去办)yī zhào tā de yì si ( qù bàn )
照我说的(做)zhào wǒ shuō de ( zuò )
*我们一定按照期完成。(改作:“按期”或“按照预定期限”。)
wǒ men yí dìng àn zhào qī wán chéng 。 ( gǎi zuò : ” àn qī ” huò ” àn zhào yù dìng qī xiàn ” 。 )
*依照法办事,不徇私情。(改作:“依法”或“依照法律”。)
yī zhào fǎ bàn shì , bú xùn sī qíng 。 ( gǎi zuò : ” yī fǎ ” huò ” yī zhào fǎ lǜ ” 。 )
构成“照……说”、“依……看”这种格式,介绍出对事物的看法或采取某种说法的主体时,一般只用“照”或“依”,不用“按照”、“依照”。
gòu chéng ” zhào … … shuō ” 、 ” yī … … kàn ” zhè zhǒng gé shì , jiè shào chū duì shì wù de kàn fǎ huò cái qǔ mǒu zhǒng shuō fǎ de zhú tǐ shí , yì bān zhǐ yòng ” zhào ” huò ” yī ” , bú yòng ” àn zhào ” 、 ” yī zhào “
(The patterns of “照…说” and “依…看” introduce the views on a matter or a subject holding a certain opinion. Usually “照”or “依” can not be replaced by “按照” or “依照”。)
例如:(For example:)
*按照这样来,我也很难说服他了。(“按照”改作“照”。)
àn zhào zhè yàng lái , wǒ yě hěn nán shuō fú tā le 。 ( ” àn zhào ” gǎi zuò ” zhào ” 。 )
依照你看来,谁有资格参加这次比赛?(“依照” 改作“依”。)
yī zhào nǐ kàn lái , shuí yǒu zī gé cān jiā zhè cì bǐ sài ( ” yī zhào ” gǎi zuò ” yī ” )